Telemedicine in Rheumatology: Review of Implementation in Chile

Abstract

The implementation of telereumatology in Chile has experi- enced steady progress over the past decade, establishing itself as a key tool to improve equitable access to specialized care, partic- ularly in regions with a shortage of rheumatologists. In a context of increasing demand for chronic rheumatic disease care and a public health system with limited human resources, asynchronous telereumatology has proven effective in reducing waiting lists, op- timizing clinical resources, and expediting diagnosis and treatment. Through the Digital Hospital, connections between primary care and specialists have been facilitated, narrowing territorial gaps. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated its adoption, reinforcing its acceptance among both patients and healthcare professionals. Pioneering initiatives such as those in the Reloncaví Health Service and, more recently, in the Coquimbo region have achieved reso- lution rates close to 66%. However, challenges remam, including connectivity, training of healthcare teams in digital tools, and the standardization of referral protocols. While it does not replace face-to-face consultations, telerheumatology has positioned itself as an essential complement to provide more efficient, sustainable, and patient-centered care, with particular relevance in settings with geographic barriers or a shortage of specialists.