Eficacia de la Hidroxicloroquina en el tratamiento del Síndrome de Sjögren primario: una revisión sistemática
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Keywords
Síndrome de Sjögren, Sicca, Hidroxicloroquina, Plaquinol
Resumen
Introducción: La hidroxicloroquina (HCQ) es comúnmente utilizada en el tratamiento del síndrome de Sjögren primario (SSp), aunque la evidencia que respalda su eficacia es limitada y controvertida. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática (RS) es evaluar la eficacia de la HCQ en el tratamiento del SSp. Métodos: Se revisaron siete bases de datos, incluyendo estudios en los que se empleó HCQ como monoterapia, comparada con placebo u otros tratamientos. Los objetivos fueron evaluar la mejoría de síntomas subjetivos (ojo seco, boca seca, fatiga, dolor articular y muscular), signos objetivos oculares y orales, y compromiso sis- témico. También se consideraron marcadores de laboratorio como inmunoglobulinas, velocidad de sedimentación (VHS) y factor reumatoide (FR). Resultados: Se incluyeron ocho estudios, tres de ellos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA). Los resultados no mostraron mejoría significativa en síntomas sicca ni en compromiso sistémico, salvo un leve beneficio cardiovascular reportado en estudios observacionales. Se observó una reducción en VHS, FR, IgG e IgM. Conclusiones: Esta RS no encontró evidencia suficiente que respalde el uso de HCQ en el tratamiento del SSp. Pese a lo anterior, llama la atención su elevado uso en la práctica clínica, destacando la necesidad de más ECAs bien diseñados.
Citas
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